Water Testing

Do you know what is in your well water? If you know what is in your water then you can treat it. There are two different tests: one for bacteria, and one for other contaminants (usually chemicals and minerals). Be sure to test frequently for bacteria and regularly for other contaminants. Record your results in your Water Quality Testing Diary so you can identify trends and reoccurring problems.

Testing for Bacteria

Bacterial contamination is the most common type of well water contamination. It is recommended that you test your well water three times a year for bacteria. Contact your local Government Services Centre for information on free bacteria testing for total coliforms and E.coli . Always carefully follow the instructions included with the water sample bottle to ensure accurate results.

Test regularly even if your water seems fine, because you can't taste, smell or see bacteria and most other contaminants.

Early spring is a good time to test your well water for bacteria. Another good time is the day after a heavy rainfall. Melting snow and running water can carry surface contaminants into your well. If your well water is safe under these conditions, it is more likely to be safe the rest of the year. Don't rely on your neighbour's test results – wells that are only a few steps apart can have different test results.

Besides routine testing, you should also test:

• After major plumbing work or well repairs
• If there are land use changes in your area
• If you detect changes in water quality, including taste, odour, and appearance
• If regular well users experience unexplained health problems that may be water-related
• After flooding. (If flooding is common in your area you may want to retrofit your well.)
• After lengthy periods of non-use

Testing for Other Contaminants

Drinking water can also be tested for other harmful contaminants such as those mentioned in the Water Quality section. Anyone drinking well water should consider testing for metals and minerals every two years . Your well water quality may be impaired by naturally occurring metals and minerals, or by human activities such as landfills, road salting, septic systems and construction.

You are the person most familiar with your well water and you should be well aware of any changes or potential issues. If you have a concern, test your water. Indications that it may be an appropriate time to have your water tested are if you:

• Smell chemicals or gasoline
• See a thin film of oil in your water
• Know of pesticide use within 30m of your well
• Think your car or oil tank is leaking
• Suspect any other chemical leak near your well